rating agency
noun [ C ] finance & economics uk/ˈreɪ.tɪŋ ˌeɪ.dʒən.si/ us/ˈreɪ.t̬ɪŋ ˌeɪ.dʒən.si/ (also ratings agency, credit rating agency, credit ratings agency)
（还贷信用）评级机构
an organization that gives ratings (= scores) to people, companies, or countries according to how safe it is to lend money to them
Rating agencies are important players in the financial markets. 评级机构是金融市场的重要角色。